焊接機(jī)器人能夠代替人類(lèi)在危險(xiǎn)、有害的惡劣環(huán)境中作業(yè),同時(shí)又帶來(lái)了另一種潛在的危險(xiǎn),即機(jī)器人傷人事故。為此,在焊接機(jī)器人在線運(yùn)行時(shí),不能有人進(jìn)入其運(yùn)動(dòng)范圍所在區(qū)域,并且其運(yùn)動(dòng)區(qū)域內(nèi)應(yīng)該保證無(wú)干涉,這是焊接機(jī)器人管理的為重要的一條原則。此外,除了通用的工業(yè)規(guī)程外,還要注意焊接機(jī)器人的特殊性,采取相應(yīng)可靠的對(duì)策。例如現(xiàn)在我們正在使用的措施:
Welding robots can replace humans in dangerous and harmful environments, but they also bring another potential danger, which is robot injury accidents. Therefore, during the online operation of welding robots, no one should enter the safe range of their movement, and there should be no interference within their movement area, which is the most important principle of welding robot safety management. In addition, in addition to general industrial safety regulations, attention should also be paid to the particularity of welding robots and corresponding reliable measures should be taken. For example, the security measures we are currently using:
(1)為焊接機(jī)器人及其周邊設(shè)備安裝防護(hù)欄,以防止有人進(jìn)入危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域造成意外傷害;
(1) Install safety barriers for welding robots and their surrounding equipment to prevent accidental injury from entering hazardous areas;
(2)在護(hù)欄入口的門(mén)上設(shè)置插拔式電接點(diǎn)開(kāi)關(guān),該開(kāi)關(guān)與焊接機(jī)器人的回電路相連接,一旦門(mén)打開(kāi),機(jī)器人控制器將切斷機(jī)器人的驅(qū)動(dòng)電源,機(jī)器人立即停止運(yùn)動(dòng);
(2) Install a plug-in electrical contact switch on the safety door at the entrance of the safety barrier, which is connected to the safety return circuit of the welding robot. Once the safety door is opened, the robot controller will cut off the driving power of the robot, and the robot will immediately stop moving;
(3)在距焊接機(jī)器人所在工位近的地方,安裝多個(gè)緊急停止開(kāi)關(guān),一旦發(fā)生緊急或危險(xiǎn)情況,工作人員可以就近按下急停,讓機(jī)器人停止運(yùn)動(dòng);
(3) Install multiple emergency stop switches at the nearest workstation to the welding robot. In case of emergency or dangerous situations, the staff can press the emergency stop button nearby to stop the robot from moving;
(4)示教作業(yè)時(shí)降低焊接機(jī)器人的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度,并由經(jīng)過(guò)技術(shù)操作培訓(xùn)的人員進(jìn)行示教;
(4) Reduce the movement speed of the welding robot during teaching homework, and have personnel who have received technical operation training conduct teaching;
(5)焊接機(jī)器人電路與生產(chǎn)線電路聯(lián)為一體,當(dāng)生產(chǎn)線遇到緊急情況時(shí),生產(chǎn)工人可以按下該線上任何工位的緊急停止開(kāi)關(guān),讓機(jī)器人停止運(yùn)動(dòng);
(5) The safety circuit of the welding robot is integrated with the safety circuit of the production line. When the production line encounters an emergency situation, production workers can press the emergency stop switch of any workstation on the line to stop the robot from moving;
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